JPG:

This is the most common image file format, used in digital cameras it can give a range of options for the amount of  compression to reduce the file size.

PNG:

Portable network graphics, an alternative to JPG but benefits of transparency.

TIFF:

Tagged image file format is now less popular, due to its large file size. it can be used in printing and desktop applications.

GIF:

Graphic interchange format has a limited range of colours so its more suitable for graphics and logos than photographs.

PDF:

Portable document format, this is used widely for images, desktop publishing and other documents that combine images and text. PDF isn’t an image file format.

BMP:

This is bitmap file format which is developed by Microsoft for its graphics.